Bleaching-boiler plant



Patented Apr. 6, 1920.

2 SHEETS- SHEET 1.

Q "4 v 0 A 9 1 2 8 Wm a m 5 H W .0 M7 7 22 7/ o n .6 x m Z .|.|l- TW mo u I oo 7 n a 00 u 6 0o C 3 T 4 00 MW f M o 6 CONRAD 'ri'rrscH,or wtnrnn'rirunjswirznatimng 1 etnacnmeaortna rLAN r,

{To all'whom it ma' cbncem: p

it known that I CoNRAD Tt 'rsci-r a V i .1 7 citizen of the Republic of Swltzerland, re-

siding at ll interthur, in the Canton of Znriclu'Republic of Switzerlanch have inrented certain new an d useful Improvements in Bleaching-Boiler Plants and I do hereby declare the following to be va full, clear, and

exact description of-the invention, such as 10 will enable others skilledln the art to wh ch it ap'pertams' to. make and use the same,

reference being 7 had i to the" accompanying draw1ngs,a1idt0 reference-numerals marked thereon, which forms: part of thisspecification c e. V

in the construction of bleaching bollers,

the following is to be kept in View as a'prin cipal object: The fabric to bef bleached should be trayersed by the bleaching mediuin as copiously and uniformly as possible and freed from air at a high boiling temperature, while the fabric must not be subjected to too severe treatment; It is also desirable to econou'iize in the use of boiling lyeysteain, labor and cost of manufacture and to simplify v construction and working. The efficiency of such a plant 1s considerably increased if there is a possibility of quickly heating-up the fabric to be treated and such quick heating-up 1s possible only if the fabric is sufficiently penetrated by the bleaching medium from the beginning. The heating up and the penetration have therefore a mutual and assisting reaction upon each other because the permeability of the fabric to be boiled'is low at low temperature and pro ssive increases with increasing tem- "or increasingthe temperature will en- 40 able the lye to penetrate'the fabric more rapidly and more copiously as the fabric is trayersed by the lye. I

In order to produce a copious circulatlon of the be the latter 1s f0rced generally through thefabric by means of a' pump at not. heated up, will be so compressed as not to allow the lye to pass through it. An

eflicient maximum pressure of the circulat inelye is thereforertoi be employed for the fabric to be bleached, and consequently there a need to enable this efficient maximum pumping pressure to be exactly ad usted Application ia se tefimr 21. 1918. seri l no. '25 ace1f innerlboiler is exposed to an inner ove ture yiceversa, the heat that'is necesrightly only at temperatures of more than shortened and-also the'efiicjency increased;

J Specification of Letters Patent. m e -1mg A e, g eam for each kind of fabric that is bleached A careful distmctlon' is to be iua'debgtw L the boiling pressure causedwby the boilin'g;

of the lye inthe-outer boiler even when the 60.

PUQHIP'lS at, rest, and, thefpuin'ping pressure" which resu i'froin the action of the pum and exceed the bolllng pressureso that the" pressuregrepresented -by' the differencef ii dicated by the pressure-gagesZconnected,to" V the branches of the imierlboilerg containing thefabric'to be bleached;

The present 1 invention has'ffor its; I

to'satisfy the abo'ye stated condition Ina 7.0

simple manner. EThis object is effected-sub stantially by providing'inth'e outer boiler in which thehigherb'oilihgprxssuria is gen erated, an inhenboiler capable of being closed tight independently, which receives the fabric'to be treated and is exposed in its interior tothe pumping pressure which is; only little higher than the" boiling pressure prevailing on the outside of said inneryes f sel. The "lat ter can therefore be 'made'ficonso siderably lighter than-theouterfboiler. A space is left practically all around 'the inner boiler and owing'to this spacejexistin'gbetween the twoboilers; the heat can passv directlythrough "the walls. of the inner boiler. V "j p In the known boiling plants," the initial heat supply to the fabric issmall on account of the fact that the circulation of the boiling lye is'greatly obstructed at first;

"iVith the present invention however; the

supply of heat to the fabricjis assisted in such a degree that "the heating up period will be reduced to aeminimunn The valueof this arrangement is best shown by the fact, that the. actual process of dissolving in' purities contained in the fabric, which process is effectedbythe boiling-lye, begins 0., and that in other apparatus the duration of heating-upoccupies a quite substantial part'of the total boiling durationk Therefore 'inl contra;distinction to, ;-:the.. 7 linown plants employing a clrculatlon of the it e bolling llquld',

present improved appa ratus has among otheradyantages the additional advantagejthat the duration of the liealting upfof the f fabric is considerably p By employing two boilers, 'the outer one of which exposedto' the boiling pressure while the inner one contains the fabric to be bleached, and-also the pumping pressure, itis possible to use the most favorable second example consistin'g of a plant with horizontal boilers. 7 V

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a four way .cock used on said boilers;

Fig. 5 illustrates a selfiacting valve, and Fig. 6 is a sectional detailof the branch leading. from the outer boiler.

Referring to-Fig. 1: 1 is {the inner 3Oll61. V

and 2 is the. outer boiler. The inner. boiler consists of two basket-like parts 3 and 1 placed one on the other with a'cover 5. The upper basket has a straining bottom 6 to let the lye through. A straining bottom 6 of this kind is also arranged in the lower basketpart at a certain distance away from the solid bottom 5 and a strainer top or cover 6 is arranged within the boiler cover The straining top 6? is likewise arranged a certain distance away from the solid cover 5.. They allow a uniform entry and exit of the lye to and from the'whole of the fabric to be bleached, and they prevent the orifices of the branches 11 from being stopped up. In the case where fabrics spread 'out i. 0., not in the hank, are to be placedinto-the baskets 3 and 4 through an opening in the side wall thereof,,when the baskets are outside the boiler 2 and rest on their sidewall.

"the upper basket is preferably provided with a straining cover 6 parallel to the straining bottom 6 (see dash dotted line in Fig. 1).

The outer boiler 2 is connected 'to its cover 7 by means of flanged rings 8. The lower flange is provided with a groove receiving a rib of the upper flange, bolts" 9 being provided for clamping the flanges together. 'Below the inner boiler there is ranged a heating coillOin the outer boiler.

Both at top and bottom the inner boiler 1 is connected to the circulation pipe by branch pipes 11 fitted on to its domed bottom and cover respectively. This branch 11. is provided. with a lateral discharge branch 13 controlled by a valve 12. Fig. 5 shows these parts on a larger scale. The rod 14 of the valve 12 is jointed at oneend to a bell crank lever 15., 15?, and at itsother end it is guided with some play in a lateral projection 16 of the branch 11. "The arm 15 of the bell crank lever is arranged on the exterior of the apparatus and" carries an ad- 3ustable weight 1? which presses the valve member 12 against its seat so long as the certain amount.

The two branches 11 are connected to each other by a pipe 18 having-a detachable coupling 19. By detaching the upper part 2 of the pipe 18 the boiler covers can be re moved for the purpose of removing the fabric from or placing it into the boiler 1 or the boiler 1 itself can be taken out. A four way cook 20 (Fig. 1) is fitted in the pipe 18. It serves to connect the latter with either the delivery pipe 21 0f a pump, 22, or, with a branch '23 leading ilO'fthG outer pressure in the branch 11 does not exceed a shown in Fig. 4; in full lines the upper part l of the pipe 18 is connected with thebranch 28, and the lower part of 18 is connected with the delivery pipe 21. After turning this partition 24 into the position indicated in dash-dotted lines the branch 23 is con nected with the lower part of the pipe 18, and the delivery pipe 21 is connected with the upper part of the pipe 18. The branch 23 is so arranged on the boiler 2 as tocause the boiling lye to enter the latter in a tangential direction whereby itrec'eives a circular motion around the axis of the boiler and thus comes intensively into contact with the heating coil 10 (Fig. 6).

Two three way cocks 26, 26 are fitted in the suction pipe 25 of the pump 22, which connects the pump with the lower end of the outer boiler 2. lVhen the cock 26 is in one position it connects this end with a discharge lranch 27. The cock 26 serves to connect the pump to an admission branch 27 that leads to a water container or the like.

A cock 28 provided on the upper part of the boiler 2 serves .to admit lye, rinsing water &c. Pressure-gages 29 areiconnected to the upper and lower parts of the pipe 18. On the cover of the on top of the pipe 18 air-escape cocks 30, 31, 31 are provided. A ring 32 the entire plant serves for removing and transporting the boiler'coversbyymeans of lifting tackle, traveling cranes orthe like.

outer boiler 2" and I ontop of The herein described bleaching boiler operated to connect the boiler 2 with the pump 22, while the branches27,27 are closed, so that lye flows from the outer boiler-2 through the pipe 25 to the pump 22 by gravity. The pump 22- is started shortly before the cock 28 is opened. The

partition2e of the four way cock is moved.

into the position shown in full lines in Fig. i, so that the lye supplied by the pump 22, will 'flow from the delivery pipe 21 into the lower part of the pipe-18 and from below into the inner boiler 1, driving the air con ta'ined in the latter out in front of it. Lyeis pumped into the inner boiler until lye flows off through the opened air-escape cock 31, and sufiicient reserve fluid has accumulated above the heating coil and-in the cylindrical space between the two boilers.

' This may be ascertained by means of a water gage 4:1 mounted on the outside of the boiler 2 and a mark 42 situ ated behind said water gage.

pipe 18, the four way cock and the branch 23 back to the heating apparatus -where it is heated again and repeats the cycle of circulation'.

At-the commencement of the bleaching process the fabric to be bleached will oppose the greatest resistance to the passing through of the lye in the boiler 1 and will act in the manner of a plug. In consequence, pressure is produced in the lye below the fabric. As soon as this pressure reaches a certain amount which may be predetermined, the lower valve 12 will automatically come into operationso as to' allow surplus lye to pass from boiler 1 into the pip'e'25 and outer boiler 2. g

In order that the lye shall flow through the fabric with the greatest possible uniformity, and the fabric shall be freed from 7 air as much as possible, the flow of the lye must be reversed from timeto time. This" is effected by turning the partition 24 of the four way cock 20 into the position indicated by the dash dotted line. The lye will now flow from the delivery pipe 21 into the upperlpart of pipe 18 and into boiler l'from the top, and leave the'latter through the lower branch part oftpipe 18 to cock 20 and thence through branch 23 into the outer boiler 2 back to the heating coil .10. If with thisdirection of flow the pressure on .top of the boiler 1 exceeds the 'desi'redfamount, the upper valve 12 will open and allow the surplus lye to new back into boiler 2.

It will be seen from theforegoing that in each direction of flow of the lye, the outer and the inner boiler are disposed one be the pump 22; allowed each: time to accumulate around the heating eoil10 and become heatedwhilejitl is at rest. s; p the warmedsu'p boiler con- 11 and flow through the lower hind another with regard to the flowing of f the lye, viz. the lye flows from the pump 22 through pipe '21, cock 20 to one'or the other endof the inner boiler '1, penetrates the.. I fabric in the latter, leaves this boiler at" its. other end, flows through the upper'or'the lower part of the piping. 18 through cock 20 andbranch 28 intothe ou'ter boiler 2 and r returns to the puiiip'22 throughpipe 25.

Thedeseribedjcycle of the boiling, lye

filling of theinner boiler. In this case howboiler, and trickles through the material undergoing bleaching by gravityalon'e.

I allows also of operating with onlya partial I ever the lye'can only flow downward and is raised bythepump to the top of the inner." H I 80,

The heating of this partial charge of lye may be accelerated by frequently stopping a The cooling of tents (fabric and l'yeiand 'the'regaining' of the heat therefrom may'atufirstxbe effected in this way theboiling lye has cooled down In this I manner 1 the; lyeis 1 1 V in the known manner by conducting cooling f water through the heating coil 10. 'VVhen toabout C, it is discharged through the pipe 27-. Thereupon the suction branch of the centrifugal pump is connected by; the three way cock 26 and the branch 27 a with a cooling water container or thelike and cooling water is driven by the piiinpthrough j 100 the inner boiler and around itin the same manner as beforewith the lye.

In the plant shown 'in' Figs; 2 and sisting of horizontal boilers, the-inner boiler 1 rests upon rollers .36byn 16aDS, of channel bars 85 extending aroundthe greater part of ltSCllCllIIl-IEGIGTICG. This setting allows of turning the boiler on its axis within wide' limits. This is of importance for charging the boiler.

a carriage'BT running en rails 38- fixed to" the shell ofthe' outer boiler 2.

The inner boiler is provi V ded on top with a" wide charging aperture 39 which may be i Therollers 36 aresupported' by properly closed by means of a "cover 40.

In other respects the construction and function of'this plant are similar to those ofjthe one hereinbe'fore described. 7 In order to place the fabric to be treated into boiler1','

the front ends 0 and 7 of the boilers with their fittings are removed from the boilers by means of traveling cranes-orithe like after undoing the bolts 9. The" railsss are connected with-rails in the floor of the work room in questionby means of inset railsfll'll Then the inner" boiler 1 is drawn out,- *f or instance under. a charging machine, dis

tributing apparatus or the like Duringthe charging operation it remains at firstin the:

position shown inv Fig.3. {A s soon"asit is filled to sayabout half it is't'urned" around to the left by an amount such that its upper left hand quadrant comes under the charging opening gi). Then the boiler is returned intoabout its initial )osition and now the last (right hand upper) quadrant of its section is charged.

when the charging is completed, the boiler 1 is-returned into the boiler 2 and the connection. is made. Then lye is admitted through cook 28'. into the outerj boiler and heated by the heating coils'lO. Afterward the pump 22 is startedand the lye is forced at one time from the left and. another from the right'through the inner boiler and the -fabrlc, &c., as described witlrreference to i Fig. 1. r

From the foregoing it ,willbe evident that by. means of the 'weighted valve 12 the highest pressure .in the inner boiler may be adjusted at will, according'to the kind of fabric to be bleached, by adjusting the weight '17. j

The heating coil is made removable in order that the unavoidable formation of scalev may be counteracted with the most simple means and with the least loss of time.

The nature of the fabric to be bleached will decide whether an inner boiler made in one part or in more parts 'or baskets is used. For cotton fabrics of medium quality in. the form of hanks the construction in one piece will be preferred, whereas for cotton fabrics woven very closely and therefore of low permeability having strongly twisted threads, as well as for yarn in the hank, cross-wound spools 850., inner boilers consisting of more than one part will be ing process is finished, that they can be lifted out immediately from the vertical boiler by means of lifting tackle, traveling crane, &c., and replaced by new freshly charged baskets. can be rendered available again for the boiling-process after the shortest intervals of time.

Contrary to the outer boiler the inner boiler does not come under the steam boiler regulations because it need be kept tight only to a limited degree; and even if it were to break down through the pumping pressure, this would not involve any danger of explosion of the outer boiler. The inner V boiler has to bear a very low inner overpressure compared with the pressure in the outer boiler, sa1d'over-pressure (difference between inner and outer pressure) amounts ing at most to atmosphere. Consequently In this way the vertical boiler also 7 it can be made very much lighter than the outer boiler, which latter has to bear the 1 greater difference between the boiling sure and the atmospheric pressure.

The use of an lnner boiler includes among other things the advantage that the outer.

boiler can be more easily adapted to. the requirements'of the steam boiler regulations; It need only be mentloned here that con-.

siderable diiiiculties are met with in the proper n" kingof the longitudinal seam on 'the'oylindrical shell of theordinary bleaching boilersespecially in. countries where au-v togenous welded seams are prohibited in the ordinary high pressure bleaching boilers.-

lt would then be necessary to return to strap riveting. Owing howev r to the fact that.

a strap'cannot be used onthe inside of the 7 single boiler because at this place the fabric; to be bleached would be rubbed to Y pieces against the said strap, it would be necessary to employ a single outside strap. Butdsuch a strap is subgected to very great strain and in consequence is liable to the riskof cracking at the butting ends of. the shell plate without the beginning of said cracking being perceived in time when the boiler is inspected. therefore in time. 7 V

il hen an inner boiler is used, outer and inner straps may be employed together without disadvantage, thereby producing a very strong connection. 1 r

W hat I claim is 1. In an apparatus for treating textile fabric by means of heated liquid, a separate inner boiler (l) for receiving the textile fabric, a boiler (2) surrounding the inner boiler on all sides and shut off from the outer air, for heating the contents of the inner boiler, and a piping (18) connected to both. ends of the inner boiler, leading beyond the outer boiler and connected with of the outer boiler. V

2. In an apparatus for treating textile fabric by means of heated liquid, a separate the interior Danger of explosion would arise inner boiler (1) for receiving the textile fabric, a boiler (2) surrounding the inner boiler on all sides and shutoff from the outer air, for heating the contents'of'the inner boiler, a piping (18) I connected to both ends of the inner boiler, leading beyond the outer boiler and. connected with V the interior of the outer boiler, and a conveying pump (22), having its delivery pipe connected to said piping (l8) j 3. In an apparatus for treating textile fabric by means of heated liquid, a separate inner boiler for receiving the tex-* tilefabric,a boiler (2) surrounding the inner boiler on all sides and shut oil from the outer air, for heating the contents of the in ner boiler, a piping (18) connected to both ends of the inner boiler, leading beyond the outer boiler and connected withthe interior ed to the outer of the outer boiler, a conveying pump (22), having its suction pipe (25) connected to the outer boiler (2)", and its delivery pipe (21) connected with said piping (18), and a device (20) for causing direction of flow in this piping to be changed.

1. In an apparatus for treating textile fabric by means of heated liquid, a separate inner boiler (1) for receiving the textile fabric, a boiler (2) boiler on all sides and shut off from the outer air, for heating the contents of the inner boiler, a piping (18) connected to both ends of the inner boiler, leading beyond the outer boiler and connected with the interior of the outer boiler, a conveying pump (22), the suction pipe (25), thereofbeingconnectboiler, a delivery pipe con necting the pump with side piping (18), a w to the outer boiler, a reversing device (20) located in the piping 18 for causingcirculating fluid from the pump to pass to one portion or another portion of the piping 18, this reversing device boiler, while that end of the latter, which is for the time not connected to this delivery pipe (21), is connected by means ofsaid reversing device, to the space between the two boilers; it 1 5. In an apparatus for'treating :textile ffabric by means of heated liquid, a boiler (1) for receiving the textile fabric, another boiler surrounding the inner boiler on all sides and shutoff from the outer air for heating the contents ofthe inner boiler,

a piping (18) connected to both ends of. the

inner boiler, a conveying pump (22), a reversing device (20) connecting the delivery pipe of this pump with the piping (18) and causingtoconnect said deliveryfpipe ('21) alternatively with one or the other end of said inner boiler, and an adjustable valve (12) placed in said piping between each'end of the inner boiler and the reversing device and adapted to openou'twardly toward the outer boiler when the pressure in the respective'branch of the piping (18) reaches a predetermined amount.

6.'In an apparatus for treating textile.

of heated liquid, a boiler the textile fabric, another fabric by means (1) for receiving v boiler (2) surrounding the inner boiler on all sides and'shut off from the outer air for heatin the contents of the inner boiler, a

piping (18) connected to both ends of the surrounding the inner being adapted to connect" the delivery pipe'alternately to one or theother end of the inner inner boiler, a conveying pump (22),'the suction pipe (25) of this pump being con-' nected to the space between the boilers, the delivery pipe (21) of said pump being connected with said piping ,(18), a four-way reversing means (20) inserted in this piping and connected on one side with the delivery pipe of said pump and on the opposite side with the hollow space between both boilers, said reversing means being thus adapted to connect said delivery pipe alternately with one or the other end of the inner boiler and to connect at the same time that endof said inner boiler which is not connected with the delivery pipe, with the space between both boilers, and an adjustable valve said piping (18) between each end of the inner boiler. and the said four-way reversing means, adapted to open automatically as soon as the pressure in the respective vpart of said piping reaches a predetermined amount. 7

7. In an apparatus for treating textile fabric by means of heated liquid, a boiler boiler (2) surrounding the inner boiler'on allel to the horizontal axis of the boilers (1) for receiving the textile fabric, an outer latter resting upon rollers (36) mounted on; "a-carriage provided in. the space leftwbe- V tween both boilers, having .their axis 'par- 1 "'j 1 and allowing said inner boiler to be rotated on its own stationary axis,'-a "piping (1 8) shut offfrom theouter air for Y connected'to bothends of the inner boiler, I

conveyer pump (22), the suction pipe (25) thereof beingzconnectedto the space left between both'boilers, a four-way re-f 'versing cook (20) 7 saidspace and on the other livery pipe of said pump and adapted to. connect said delivery pipe alternately' with 1 connected on "one side to side to. the deone or the other end of the, innerboilerandat the 'same' time connect that end offthe inner boiler which is at the time; not connected to the delivery pipe, to. the space left between both boilers, and an ad'ustable valve (12) inserted in said piping 18) be tween each end of the inner boiler and said four way reversing, cock and adapted to ,7

open automatically toward the space jbe-' tweenboth boilers as soon'as the pressure in said piping (18) reaches a predetermined amount. 7

In testimony whereof,l-have signedmyl name to this specification.

CONRAD 'rI'jTsoH. Y 7 a 

